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Munoz Sabater, (2019) was downloaded from the Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S) Climate Data Store. The results contain modified Copernicus Climate Change Service information 2020. Neither the European Commission nor ECMWF is responsible for any use that may be made of the Copernicus information or data it contains. We are thankful to the Spanish Ministry of Agriculture, Fishery and Food (MAPA) for allowing access to data from the Spanish National Surveillance control and eradication of bluetongue program and to the French Ministry of Agriculture and Food, which funded this research. We are grateful to Pauline Ezanno, Annelise Tran, William Wint and Francois Rebaudo for their help in parametrizing the model.

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Modelling the population dynamics of Rift Valley fever virus mosquito vectors in the western Mediterranean Basin

Publicat a:Ecological Modelling. 502 111013- - 2025-03-01 502(), DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2024.111013

Autors: Drouin, Alex; Balenghien, Thomas; Durand, Benoit; Aranda, Carles; Bennouna, Amal; Bouattour, Ali; Boubidi, Said C; Conte, Annamaria; Delacour, Sarah; Goffredo, Maria; Himmi, Oumnia; L'Ambert, Gregory; Schaffner, Francis; Chevalier, Veronique

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Rift Valley fever (RVF) is a zoonotic vector-borne disease mainly transmitted by mosquitoes, and present in Africa, the Arabian Peninsula, and the Indian Ocean. The endemic situation in Mauritania, and the recent outbreaks in Libya have raised concerns about the potential spread of the virus in the western Mediterranean Basin, where competent mosquitoes are present. However, given the large diversity of climates and landscapes in this region, the areas and periods at risk of RVF virus (RVFV) transmission remain unknown. Vector abundance is one of the drivers of arboviruses transmission, therefore knowledge on mosquito species distributions and population dynamics is needed to implement surveillance and to assess the risk of RVFV circulation. Here, we adapted a published modelling framework of mosquito population dynamics to five potential RVFV vectors in the western Mediterranean Basin (Aedes caspius, Aedes detritus, Aedes vexans, Culex pipiens and Culex theileri). The mechanistic model was designed with a daily time step and a 0.1 degrees x 0.1 degrees spatial resolution and takes temperature and precipitations data as inputs, along with published vector distribution maps. We used mosquito trapping data from Spain, France, Italy and Morocco to calibrate the model, and we produced monthly maps of abundance of the five vectors for the whole studied area. We then evaluated the model performances by assessing the correlation between field data and model predictions. Finally, we performed a sensitivity analysis to identify the main influential parameters. The model was able to reproduce most of the abundance peaks for the five mosquito species. Goodness-of-fit was high for Aedes species, especially for Ae. caspius, a highly competent mosquito for RVFV transmission, but lower for Culex species, with potential overpredictions in some regions. More knowledge is required about the presence and abundance of potential RVFV vectors in the Mediterranean Basin to improve predictions. However, this first model allows to identify seasons and areas with high vectors abundances that could be used in the future for surveillance of the disease.

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